Improvement in making edge-tools



UNITED STATES ATENT Erica.,

wir. wurrE, or NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

IMPROVEMENT lN MAKING EDGEuTOOLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 22,466, dated December29, 1858.

To @ZZ whom it may concer/t:

Beit known that I, VILLTAM XVnrrE, of Xewark, in the county of Essex andState of New Jersey, have invented a new and improved mode of makingedge-tools and other articles from wrought-iron and steel without theusual process of welding and forging or swaging, as now practiced; and Ido hereby declare that the following is afnll descrip* .tion thereof,reference being had to the ac companying drawings, and to the letters ofreference marked thereon.

Figure I is a plan of one side of a mold for an ax, A A being half ofthe recess for the reception of the melted or liquid metal. C is thecore-pin to form the eye of the ax; E E, the gate or spr ue orpassage-way for the metal; F F, the steadypins.

Fig. 2 represents the opposite side of the mold, B B being the otherhalf of recess A A, Fig. l; D D, the core-print to fit the other half ofcore-pin G, Fig. l. G- G are holes for steady-pins F F, Fig. l.

Fig. represents an edge view in section of` Figs. l and 2, showing thetwo halves closed together, the dotted lines rel-)resenting the recess AA B B for the reception of metal to form an ax, hammer, or otherarticle.

In Fig. 4, (seen in Fig. 2, 1 2 3 4 5 6 represent the whole ax in arough state as taken from the mold,with the gate or sp1-ue attached. Thered lines divide or distinguish between the head or eye part of' ax andthe bit 0r edge part. Each part can be made separate and dist-inet fromthe other by the use of a mold the cavity of which shall be the shape ofthe part desired.

The nature of my invention consists in pouring from a crueible or othervessel into a mold wrought-iron or steel, or both in combi nation, whilein a melted or liquid state, and thereby forming a whole 0r a part of anax, hammer, or other article, the cavity of said mold being-the shape orform of the article l desired.

together with a band, clamp, or other device and place it in aconvenient pla-ee for the reception of the metal, which I reduce to aliquid state by any known process. I build a furnace of fire-brick threefeet and four-inches deep, two feet and six inches long, and onefoot-"six inches wide, and attach thereto a pipe by which I convey ablast of wind, either hot or cold air. I then eut my iron or steel intosmall pieces and place it into a Crucible, and place the same into thefurnaee,\vhich is tllled two-thirds full of coal or other fuel, andstart my iire, applying` blast sufiieient to reduce the metal to amelted or liquid state. I then pour the liquid metal into the cavity ofthe mold, using such core-pins and stops as are necessary to obtain therequired-shape.

Two qualities of metal can be united in the same article by thefollowing method: I place the mold with the edge part of the andownward, as in Fig. 3. I now pour into the cavity of the mold a veryflue quality of caststeel until it rises up to or a little above theline H, and then from another erucible I pour a mixture ofiron and steelor other meta-l ot' inferior quality, with which I iill up the head oreye part of the cavity, being very careful to pour from the secondcrueible at the same time that I cease pouring from the first, so thatthe stream may not be broken, which will allow the two kinds of metal tounite at or near the line I-I, and thus form a solid ax from twoqualities of metal or from two dit'- ferent kinds of metal-as iron andsteel-without welding and forging or swaging.

I am aware that ingots of steel and iron are now formed by pouring themelted liquid into molds. I do not claim for the purpose of forming theingot.

I do not claim the manufacture of iron or steel, nor the remelting ofthe same, either new or old; but

XVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patentot' the United States, is-

The use of wrought-iron and steel separately or combined while in amelted or liquid state, for the purpose of forming into shape axes andother articles without the process of forging, welding, or swaging, bythe use of a mold the cavity Ot' which is the shape or form y of thearticle desired, as set forth in my specifieation. Y

VILLIAM VHITFJ.

Titnessesz STEPHEN It. HAINEs, PETER S. CLEARMAN.

